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The red-bellied macaw (''Orthopsittaca manilatus''), also known as ''Guacamaya Manilata'', is a medium-sized, mostly green South American parrot, a member of a group of large Neotropical parrots known as macaws. It is the largest of what are commonly called "mini-macaws". The belly has a large maroon patch which gives the species its name. It is endemic to tropical Amazonian South America, from Colombia and Trinidad south to Amazonian Peru and Bolivia, and central Brazil as far as the northwestern cerrado. Its habitat is moriche (or buriti) palm (''Mauritia flexuosa'') swamp forests and sandy savannahs with palm groves. They are critically dependent on the Moriche palm for roosting, feeding and nesting. Although the bird is locally common, in places it has been adversely affected by clearing of the palms for use as posts, or to allow cattle ranching; also by capture for the pet trade. Not to be confused with the African red-bellied parrot (Poicephalus rufiventris), a similarly named smaller parrot. ==Taxonomy== The red-bellied macaw (''Orthopsittaca manilata'', Boddaert 1783) is a species of the monotypic genus ''Orthopsittaca'' (Ridgway 1912), one of six genera of Central and South American macaws. Gender agreement of species name follows David and Gosselin (2002b). It was formerly classified as ''Ara manilata'' (BirdLife International 2004, Sibley and Monroe 1990 & 1993, Stotz et al. 1996). The protonym was ''Psittacus manilatus''. The genus name ''Orthopsittaca'' is from Gr. ''orthos'' straight; ''psittake'' parrot; (lateral outline of cere straight or very faintly concave, without convexity in front of nostril” (Ridgway 1912) ); species name ''manilata'' / ''manilatus'' is from L. ''manus'' hand; ''latus'' broad, wide. Hence, "a parrot with wide hands () and straight nose ()". The red-bellied macaw is medium-sized, about in weight and about in length including its long pointed tail. The plumage is mostly green; the cere and much of the face are covered with bare mustard-yellow skin, and the irises are dark brown. The forehead is bluish. The chin, throat and upper chest are greyish with some green scalloping, and the lower abdomen ("belly") has a large maroon patch. The tail is long and tapered. The underwings and undertail are dull olive yellow. Adults have dark-grey beaks. The legs and feet are dark grey. In common with other parrots, they have zygodactyl feet, two toes pointing forward and two backward. Males and females have identical plumage, but males are usually larger and have larger heads. Juveniles are duller in colour than adults and have a grey beak with a conspicuous white mid-line stripe running along the length of the culmen (top of the upper beak).〔Forshaw (2006). plate 73.〕 The Spix's macaw is the only other macaw in which juveniles have a similar white culmen. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Red-bellied macaw」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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